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| Construction
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In project architecture and civil
engineering, construction is the
building or assembly of any infrastructure
on a site or sites. Although this
may be thought of as a single
activity, in fact construction
is a feat of multitasking. Normally
the job is managed by the construction
manager, supervised by the project
manager, design engineer or project
architect. While these people
work in offices, every construction
project requires a large number
of laborers, carpenters, and other
skilled tradesmen to complete
the physical task of construction.
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| Type of Construction : |
In general, there are three types of construction:
(1) building, (2) heavy/highway,
and
(3) industrial. |
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Building construction
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Building construction is the process of adding
structure to real property. The vast majority
of building construction projects are small renovations,
such as addition of a room, or renovation of a
bathroom. Often, the owner of the property acts
as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the
entire project. However, all building construction
projects include some elements in common - design,
financial, and legal considerations. Many projects
of varying sizes reach undesirable end results,
such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or
litigatios reason, those with experience in the
field make detailed plans and maintain careful
oversight during the project to ensure a positive
outcome.For projects of large size and/or unusual
type,
This ensures that the project will proceed in
an orderly way to a desirable end. While no set
list would establish what is needed or advisable
for a particular project, frequently used advisors
include mortgage bankers, accountants, lawyers,
insurance brokers, architects, and engineers.
While their roles overlap, each area of expertise
addresses an element of what will be affected
by the building construction project.
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Important
Internet Resources |
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Residential construction
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More and more families are looking into building
their own homes, or contracting to have them built.
Construction practices, technologies, and resources
conform to state and local building codes.In most
Australian states, a home owners warranty must
be obtained prior to residential construction
of dwellings less than three stories high. Building
construction, operation, and maintenance contribute
significantly to air pollution, which contributes
to acid rain, climate change, health problems,
and other impacts resulting from degraded air
quality,
People feel the pressures of limited land, air,
and water, pollution, liability and health insurance
costs, energy shortages and costs, waste management
tensions, and habitat loss. The ideal of pollution
prevention(P2) is to use all resources in the
most efficient manner and to eliminate waste and
pollution before it is produced. During the past
several years, the residential construction industry
has recognized a need to incorporate P2 practices
into daily activities and has begun to achieve
these changes through green building, which is
also known as resource-efficient construction,
or sustainable design techniques.
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| Heavy/Highway construction
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Heavy/Highway
construction Specailly Constuct Road, Dam, Garden,
etc. Heavy/Highway construction is the process
of adding infrastructure to our built environment.
Owners of these projects are usually government
agencies, either at the national or local level.
As in building construction, heavy/highway construction
has design, financial, and legal considerations,
however these projects are not usually undertaken
for-profit, but to service the public interest.
However, heavy/highway construction projects are
also undertaken by large private corporations,
including, among others, the golf courses, harbors,
power companies, railroads, and mines, who undertake
the construction of access roads, dams, railroads,
general site grading, and massive earthwork projects.
As in building construction, the owner will assemble
a team to create an overall plan to ensure that
the goals of the project are met. |
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